Basic composition of the engraving machine
1. The basic structure of the engraving machine: bed mechanism, spindle motor, transmission mode, control system, drive, stepper/servo motor, guide rail, frequency converter, pump, vacuum cleaner, etc. The drive drives the motor, and the inverter converts the spindle
2. The bed is generally made of steel, and our beds are tempered to reduce internal stress. The so-called tempering treatment refers to a treatment in which the quenched or normalized steel is cooled at a certain rate after being immersed for a period of time below a critical temperature to increase the toughness of the material. From the principle of metallurgy, we know that after quenching and normalizing treatment, it can be immersed in the intermediate temperature for a certain period of time, which can promote the precipitation of a part of the carbides, and at the same time can eliminate some residual stress caused by rapid cooling, so it can be improved. The toughness and flexibility of the material. Obviously, the effect of tempering treatment is determined by factors such as tempering temperature, time, and cooling rate.
3. The main shaft is divided into air-cooled and water-cooled, generally made of domestic water-cooled, Italian air-cooled. Commonly used Italian brands are HSD, Columbus, and Ida.
4. Motor. The motor and the driver are integrated. The stepping motor we use is China Chuangwei, and the brand is not bad. The servo motor is equipped with Taiwan Delta, the Japanese version is Yaskawa, and the servo motor is 750W.
5. The transmission mode includes rack drive and screw drive. The rack speed is fast and the precision is low. It is generally used on woodworking machines. The relative speed of the screw rod is slow and the precision is high. It is generally used on advertising machines. Most manufacturers practice XY shaft racks and Z-axis ball screws. Many manufacturers say that imported screw rods are very expensive to import, so many manufacturers are fraudulent, but they can choose Taiwan's Hiwin's ball screw.
6. There are many control systems. We generally use Shanghai Weihong (NC), Beijing Reiz Tianhong DSP controller, Taiwan Baoyuan M520i (LNC), the most frequently used is NC.
Weihong and DSP comparison:
a. Weihong is connected to a computer PC, can be directly mapped on the computer, and then imported into the engraving program, directly processing. The DSP must use a USB flash drive to connect the DSP controller, which is not convenient.
b. Weihong operating system is more stable, DSP handle is easy to go wrong, U disk check to find easy virus, the program will be destroyed, and many problems.
c. Weihong's optimization is better, the engraving path is softer and smoother, and it is better than DSP.
d. DSP handle memory is only 128M, because the stored files are limited, so you need to delete files continuously.
e. Weihong's ex-factory price is about 3,500, and the factory price of DSP is about 2,500.
7. Guide rail: divided into cylindrical guide rail, rectangular linear guide rail (square rail), we use Taiwan Hiwin20mm, 25mm, 30mm square rail, square rail is good. Imported rectangular linear guide rail can achieve stability and accuracy than domestic cylindrical guide rail 30 times!
8. Vacuum pump, the advertising machine has no pump, because the advertising machine is the countertop of the T-slot aluminum profile, and the woodworking machine has the vacuum pump. Because the woodworking machine is the adsorption table of PVC, our PVC adsorption table is a layer of 25mm thick. 15mm thick double-layer PVC board, so the table top is very thick and very firm. The function of the vacuum pump is to generate suction, which sucks the workpiece and fixes it. The vacuum pump has 140 flow and 250 flow. The choice of vacuum pump is selected according to the size of the machine platform. Generally, the vacuum pump of 1325, 140 flow is enough. The vacuum pump we use is made in China, and the German Beck pump is optional.
9. Vacuum adsorption is to use a vacuum pump to inhale under the countertop, vacuum, firmly hold the plate, now most manufacturers do the 6-zone vacuum adsorption countertop, we do 4 partitions, some people will ask, people 6 partition Good, sucking firmly, in fact, this is not the case, do 4 partitions or 6 partitions can be, plus a partition costs only about 250 yuan, the main reason is that 4 partitions are practical, because the more partitions, the smaller the area, take 6 partition examples If the guest takes a small plate and just occupies one and a half partitions, then only the vacuum adsorption switch of the two partitions is opened, but according to the 4 partitions, it is enough to open one area, one open and three closed.
